새책 | 알라딘 직접배송 중고 | 이 광활한 우주점 (2) | 판매자 중고 (28) |
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부분적 필기 이외엔 책 최상급.
Preface | p. v |
Language and the English Language: an Introduction | p. 1 |
A Definition of Language | p. 2 |
Language as System | p. 2 |
Language Signs | p. 5 |
Language as Speech | p. 6 |
Language as Convention | p. 9 |
Language as Human | p. 14 |
Language as Communication | p. 16 |
Other Characteristics of Language | p. 17 |
Why Study the History of English? | p. 18 |
The Sounds of Current English | p. 22 |
The Organs of Speech | p. 22 |
Consonants of Current English | p. 23 |
Vowels of Current English | p. 26 |
Stress | p. 31 |
Kinds of Sound Change | p. 31 |
Causes of Sound Change | p. 34 |
The Phoneme | p. 35 |
Differing Transcriptions | p. 37 |
Letters and Sounds: a Brief History of Writing | p. 39 |
Ideographic and Syllabic Writing | p. 39 |
From Semitic Writing to the Greek Alphabet | p. 40 |
The Romans Adopt the Greek Alphabet | p. 41 |
The History of English Writing | p. 44 |
The Spelling of English Consonant Sounds | p. 46 |
The Spelling of English Vowel Sounds | p. 49 |
Spelling Pronunciations and Pronunciation Spellings | p. 51 |
Writing and History | p. 53 |
The Backgrounds of English | p. 55 |
Indo-European Origins | p. 55 |
Language Typology and Language Families | p. 57 |
Non-Indo-European Languages | p. 59 |
Main Divisions of the Indo-European Group | p. 61 |
Cognate Words in the Indo-European Languages | p. 70 |
Inflection in the Indo-European Languages | p. 71 |
Word Order in the Indo-European Languages | p. 75 |
Major Changes from Indo-European to Germanic | p. 76 |
First Sound Shift | p. 78 |
West Germanic Languages | p. 82 |
The old English Period (449-1100) | p. 86 |
Some Key Events in the Old English Period | p. 86 |
History of the Anglo-Saxons | p. 87 |
Pronunciation and Spelling | p. 95 |
Vocabulary | p. 99 |
Grammar, Concord, and Inflection | p. 101 |
Nouns | p. 102 |
Modifiers | p. 106 |
Pronouns | p. 108 |
Verbs | p. 110 |
Syntax | p. 116 |
Old English Illustrated | p. 118 |
The Middle English Period (1100-1500) | p. 123 |
Some Key Events in the Middle English Period | p. 123 |
The Background of the Norman Conquest | p. 124 |
The Reascendancy of English | p. 125 |
Foreign Influences on Vocabulary | p. 126 |
Middle English Spelling | p. 127 |
The Rise of a London Standard | p. 131 |
Changes in Pronunciation | p. 134 |
Changes in Grammar | p. 141 |
Nouns, Pronouns, and Adjectives | p. 142 |
Verbs | p. 147 |
Word Order | p. 149 |
Middle English Illustrated | p. 150 |
The Early Modern English Period (1500-1800): Society, Spellings, and Sounds | p. 153 |
Some Key Events in the Early Modern Period | p. 153 |
The Transition from Middle to Modern English | p. 155 |
The Orthography of Early Modern English | p. 156 |
The Great Vowel Shift | p. 160 |
Other Vowels | p. 163 |
Early Modern English Consonants | p. 166 |
Evidence for Early Modern Pronunciation | p. 168 |
Early Modern English Illustrated | p. 169 |
The Early Modern English Period (1500-1800): Forms, Syntax, and Usage | p. 173 |
The Study of Language | p. 174 |
Nouns | p. 178 |
Adjectives and Adverbs | p. 181 |
Pronouns | p. 182 |
Verbs | p. 189 |
Prepositions | p. 199 |
Early Modern English Further Illustrated | p. 199 |
Late Modern English (1800-21st Century) | p. 201 |
Some Key Events in the Late Modern Period | p. 201 |
The National Varieties of English | p. 202 |
National Differences in Word Choice | p. 205 |
Syntactical and Morphological Differences | p. 209 |
British and American Purism | p. 209 |
National Differences in Pronunciation | p. 212 |
British and American Spelling | p. 215 |
Variation within National Varieties | p. 216 |
World English | p. 222 |
The Essential Oneness of All English | p. 224 |
Words and Meanings | p. 227 |
Semantics and Change of Meaning | p. 228 |
Generalization and Specialization | p. 230 |
Transfer of Meaning | p. 231 |
Pejoration and Amelioration | p. 234 |
Taboo and Euphemism | p. 235 |
The Fate of Intensifying Words | p. 238 |
Some Circumstances of Semantic Change | p. 239 |
Semantic Change Is Inevitable | p. 243 |
New Words From Old | p. 245 |
Creating Words | p. 245 |
Combining Words: Compounding | p. 248 |
Combining Word Parts: Affixing | p. 252 |
Shortening Words | p. 257 |
Blending Words | p. 262 |
Shifting Words to New Uses | p. 265 |
Sources of New Words | p. 268 |
Foreign Elements in the English Word Stock | p. 271 |
Latin and Greek Loanwords | p. 272 |
Celtic Loanwords | p. 276 |
Scandinavian Loanwords | p. 277 |
French Loanwords | p. 279 |
Spanish and Portuguese Loanwords | p. 283 |
Italian Loanwords | p. 284 |
Germanic Loanwords | p. 285 |
Loanwords from the East | p. 288 |
Other Sources | p. 291 |
The Sources of Recent Loanwords | p. 292 |
English Remains English | p. 293 |
Selected Bibliography | p. 295 |
Glossary | p. 311 |
Index of Modern English Words and Affixes | p. 335 |
Index of Persons, Places, and Topics | p. 357 |
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